#Voynich manuscript solved stack professional#

There probably was another 'source' they copied from. The person or people writing the text seem to have been fluent in the language. The text is written from left to right, because there are irregular margins on the right. There is strong evidence that many of the book's folios were reordered at various points in its history, and that the original page order may well have been quite different from what we see today. The figures were colored with paint, possibly at a later date. The gaps were already there when Voynich bought the manuscript in 1912.Ī quill pen was used for the text and figure outlines. As there are gaps in the numbering, it seems likely that some pages were lost the manuscript probably had at least 272 pages. Depending on the way of counting, this gives a total of 240 pages. Some of the fold-outs have unusual shapes. The quires are numbered from 1 to 20, the folios from 1 to 116. The quires consist of folios, with text or illustrations on both sides of the folio. The very last page seems to have some sort of 'key': three lines of text, with a script resembling that used in 15th-century Germany.

Recipes: Short passages of text, usually preceded with a star or flower-like illustration.

Pharmaceutical: Labeled images of plant parts, with jars for medicines.

Cosmological: More circular diagrams also with foldouts one has six pages with what looks like connected islands, with a volcano.

Biological: Shows pictures of naked women bathing in pools some of the women wear crowns also has pictures of body organs.

Astronomical: Contains images that look like astronomical or astrological symbols of the time this includes the signs of the zodiac.

Herbal: Each page contains the image of one or two plants, with some writing.

The sectioning is usually the following: Sectioning Īs the text has not been translated yet, it has been sectioned based on the images. In addition, the McCrone Research Institute in Chicago found that much of the ink was added not long afterwards, confirming that the manuscript is an authentic medieval document. In 2009, University of Arizona researchers performed radiocarbon dating on the manuscript's vellum, which they say (with 95% confidence) was made between 14. It has been described as 'the world's most mysterious manuscript'. Much less attention has been given to the illustrations, which seem to show plants, anatomic or astronomic links.

#Voynich manuscript solved stack professional#

The text is probably some ciphertext many people working in cryptography have tried to break its code, both amateur and professional cryptographers.

It looks like there are no errors in the text. The text is written in an unknown language, in an unknown writing system. Although many authors have been thought to have written this manuscript, the author remains unknown. Today, it is in the library of Yale University. The manuscript is made up of about 240 vellum pages, and was probably written in the early 15th century in northern Italy. The Voynich manuscript is a manuscript named after Wilfrid Voynich who bought it in the early 20th century.